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Country name: conventional long form: Federative Republic of Brazil
conventional short form: Brazil
local long form: Republica Federativa do Brasil
local short form: Brasil
Location: Eastern South America, bordering the Atlantic Ocean
Geographic coordinates: 10 00 S, 55 00 W
Map references: South America
Area: total: 8,514,877 sq km
land: 8,459,417 sq km water: 55,460 sq km
Land boundaries: total: 16,885 km
border countries: Argentina 1,261 km, Bolivia 3,423 km, Colombia 1,644 km, French Guiana 730 km, Guyana 1,606 km, Paraguay 1,365 km, Peru 2,995 km, Suriname 593 km, Uruguay 1,068 km, Venezuela 2,200 km
Coastline: 7,491 km
Climate: mostly tropical, but temperate in south
Terrain: mostly flat to rolling lowlands in north; some plains, hills, mountains, and narrow coastal belt
Elevation extremes: lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point: Pico da Neblina 2,994 m
Natural resources: bauxite, gold, iron ore, manganese, nickel, phosphates, platinum, tin, rare earth elements, uranium, petroleum, hydropower, timber
Land use: arable land: 6.93% permanent crops: 0.89% other: 92.18% (2005)
Irrigated land: 29,200 sq km (2003)
Total renewable water resources: 8,233 cu km (2000)
Natural hazards: recurring droughts in northeast; floods and occasional frost in south
Government type: federal republic
Capital: name: Brasilia
geographic coordinates: 15 47 S, 47 55 W
time difference: UTC-3 (2 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)
Administrative divisions: 26 states (estados, singular - estado) and 1 federal district (distrito federal); Acre, Alagoas, Amapa, Amazonas, Bahia, Ceara, Distrito Federal, Espirito Santo, Goias, Maranhao, Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul, Minas Gerais, Para, Paraiba, Parana, Pernambuco, Piaui, Rio de Janeiro, Rio Grande do Norte, Rio Grande do Sul, Rondonia, Roraima, Santa Catarina, Sao Paulo, Sergipe, Tocantins
Independence: 7 September 1822 (from Portugal)
National holiday: Independence Day, 7 September (1822)
Constitution: 5 October 1988
Legal system: based on Roman codes; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
Population: 201,103,330 country comparison to the world: 5
Age structure: 0-14 years: 26.7% (male 27,092,880/female 26,062,244) 15-64 years: 66.8% (male 65,804,108/female 67,047,725) 65 years and over: 6.4% (male 5,374,230/female 7,358,082) (2010 est.) Median age: total: 28.9 years male: 28.1 years female: 29.7 years (2010 est.)
Population growth rate: 1.166% (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 108
Airports: 4,072 (2010) country comparison to the world: 2
Airports - with paved runways: total: 726 over 3,047 m: 7 2,438 to 3,047 m: 28 1,524 to 2,437 m: 176 914 to 1,523 m: 460 under 914 m: 55 (2010)
Airports - with unpaved runways: total: 3,346 1,524 to 2,437 m: 87 914 to 1,523 m: 1,617 under 914 m: 1,642 (2010)
Heliports: 13 (2010)
Pipelines: condensate/gas 62 km; gas 9,989 km; liquid petroleum gas 353 km; oil 4,517 km; refined products 4,465 km (2009)
Railways: total: 28,857 km country comparison to the world: 10 broad gauge: 5,709 km 1.600-m gauge (459 km electrified) standard gauge: 194 km 1.440-m gauge narrow gauge: 22,954 km 1.000-m gauge (2008)
Roadways: total: 1,751,868 km country comparison to the world: 4 paved: 96,353 km unpaved: 1,655,515 km (2004)
Waterways: 50,000 km (most in areas remote from industry and population) (2010) country comparison to the world: 3
Merchant marine: total: 126 country comparison to the world: 45 by type: bulk carrier 19, cargo 18, chemical tanker 6, container 12, liquefied gas 12, passenger/cargo 10, petroleum tanker 42, roll on/roll off 7 foreign-owned: 26 (Chile 1, Denmark 3, Germany 6, Greece 1, Norway 3, Spain 12) registered in other countries: 27 (Argentina 1, Bahamas 1, Ghana 1, Liberia 20, Marshall Islands 1, Panama 3) (2010).
Ports and terminals: cargo ports (tonnage): Ilha Grande (Gebig), Paranagua, Rio Grande, Santos, Sao Sebastiao, Tubarao container ports (TEUs): Santos (2,677,839), Itajai (693,580)
For more information about Brasil click here: http://hainanwel.com/forum/viewforum.php?f=133
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